Principles of Universal Design
The principles of universal design as used in architecture can be broadly applied to the design (e.g. facilities, furniture, multimedia, etc.) of the teaching, learning and living environment.
- Equitable Use
- Flexibility in Use
- Simple and Intuitive Use
- Perceptible Information
- Tolerance for Error
- Low Physical Effort
- Size and Space for Approach and Use
©. 1997 The Center for Universal Design, NC State University Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
Subject Terms to use for Searching
- Universal
- Inclusive
- Accessible
- Design
Recommended Books
Barker, Peter, Jon Barrick, and Rod Wilson. Building Sight: A Handbook of Building and Interior Design Solutions to Include the Needs of Visually Impaired People. London : HMSO in association with Royal National Institute for the Blind, 1995. Find in a Library
Carpman Janet R; Myron A. Grant. Design that Cares: Planning Health Facilities for Patients and Visitors. America Hospital Publishing, Inc., 1993. Find in a Library
Christophersen, Jon, ed. Universal Design: 17 Ways of Thinking and Teaching – [Oslo] : Husbanken, 2002. Find in a Library
Clarkson, John. Inclusive Design: Design for the whole population. London : Springer, 2003. Find in a Library
Clarkson, John and Simeon Keates. Countering Design Exclusion: an Introduction to Inclusive Design. New York : Springer, 2003. Find in a Library
Coleman Roger. Living longer: the New Context for Design. London : Design Council, 2001. Find in a Library
Covington, George and Bruce Hannah. Access by Design. New York : Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1997. Find in a Library
Davies, Thomas D. and Kim A. Beasley. Accessible Home Design. Washington, DC : Paralyzed Veterans of America, 1999. Find in a Library
Home Planners, Inc. Products and Plans for Universal Homes. Tucson, Ariz. : Home Planners ; Hadleigh : BRAD, 2000. Find in a Library
Lebovich, William. Design for dignity : studies in accessibility. New York : John Wiley & Sons, 1993. Find in a Library
Leibrock, Cynthia and James Evan Terry. Beautiful Barrier Free: A Visual Guide to Accessibility. New York : John Wiley, 1999. Find in a Library
Leibrock, Cynthia. Design Details for Health: Making the Most of Interior Design’s Healing Potential. New York : Wiley, 2000.Find in a Library
Lifchez Raymond. Rethinking Architecture: Design Students and Physically Disabled People. Berkeley : University of California Press, 1986. Find in a Library
Mace, Ronald L. et al. The Accessible Housing Design File New York : J. Wiley, 1991. Find in a Library
Meek, Anne. Designing Places for Learning. Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development; the Council of Educational Facility Planners
International, 1995. Find in a Library
Moore, Robin; Susan Goltsman; and Daniel lacofano. Play for All Guidelines: Planning, Designing and Management of Outdoor Play Settings for All
Children. MIG Communications, 1992. Find in a Library
Mueller, James L. Case Studies on Universal Design. North Carolina State University, The Center for Universal Design, 1998. Find in a Library
Norman, Donald A. The Design of Everyday Things. Currency/Doubleday, 1990. Find in a Library
Ostroff, Elaine; Mark Limont; Daniel Hunter. Building a World Fit for People: Designers with Disabilities at Work. Massachusetts: Adaptive Environments, 2002. Find in a Library
Peterson, Mary Jo. Gracious Spaces, Universal Design in the Home. McGraw Hill, 1999. Find in a Library
-------; Universal Kitchen & Bathroom Planning: Design that Adapts to People. McGraw Hill, 1998. Find in a Library
Pirkl, James; Arthur J. Pulos. Transgenerational Design: Products for an Aging Population. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1997. Find in a Library
PLAE, Inc. USDA Forest Service. Universal Access to Outdoor Recreation. MIG Communications, 1993. Find in a Library
PLAE Inc. Universal Access to Outdoor Recreation, Pocket Guide. MIG Communications, 1993. Find in a Library
Preiser, Wolfgang. Design Intervention: Toward a More Humane Architecture. Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1990. Find in a Library
Preiser, Wolfgang, Editor in Chief; Elaine Ostroff, Senior Editor. Universal Design Handbook. McGraw Hill, 2000. Find in a Library
Poulson D. Ashby, M and Richardson S. USERfit A Practical Handbook on User-Centered Design for Assistive Technology. Brussels, Luxemburg: ECSC-EC-EAEC. 1996. Find in a Library
Riley II Charles A. High- Access Home: Design and Decoration for Barrier – Free Living. New York: Rizzoli International Publications, Inc., 1999. Find in a Library
Rose, David H.; Anne Meyer. Teaching Every Student in the Digital Age: Universal Design for Learning. Virginia: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 2002. Find in a Library
Story MF, Mueller JL, and Mace RL. The Universal Design File: Designing for People of all Ages and Abilities. The Center for Universal Design, NC State University 1998. Find in a Library
Thomspson, Eric et al. The Assist Guidebook to the Accessible Home. Salt Lake City, Utah : Assist, Inc., 2002. Find in a Library
Universal Designers and Consultants. Everyone’s Welcome, The Americans with Disabilities Act and Museums. Washingon, D.C: American Association of Museums, 1998. Find in a Library
Winter, Steven. Accessible Housing by Design: Universal Principles in Practice. McGraw Hill, 1997. Find in a Library
Winter, Steven. Homes for Everyone, Universal Design Principles in Practice. HUD USER (Pub #007338) HUD, 1996. Find in a Library
Zeisel, John. Inquiry by Design: Tools for Environment-Behavior Research (Environment and Behavior Series 5). Cambridge University Press, 2006. Find in a Library
--------; Inquiry by Design: Environments / Behavior / Neuroscience in Architecture. Interiors, Landscape, and Planning – W.W. Norton revised and updated edition. 2005. Find in a Library
Recommended Journals
Applied Ergonomics
An international journal, covers ergonomics applications in the office, industry, consumer products, information technology and military design. Readership includes ergonomists, designers, industrial engineers, health and safety specialists, systems engineers, design engineers, organizational psychologists, occupational health specialists and human-computer interaction specialists. Find in a Library
Behavior and Information Technology
An electronic journal published by Taylor and Francis, Subjects include Computer Science, Information Technology, Health Science, Human Factors and Ergonomics. Available at Fitchburg State College
The Design Journal
International journal for all aspects of design. Readership includes design professionals, researchers, educators and managers. Find in a Library
Design Management Review
Formerly the Design Management Journal, devoted to articles and case studies exploring how design – in products, communication, and environments – is an essential resource, a component of every organization that can be effectively managed to make important contributions to the bottom line and to long-term success. Find in a Library
Design Studies
The only journal to cover all design domains, including design management, design methods, participation in planning and design, design education, AI and computer aids in design, design in engineering, theoretical aspects of design, design in architecture, design and manufacturing, innovation in industry and design and society. Find in a Library
Diversity in Design: The Journal of Inclusive Design Education.
A new electronic journal that examines diversity issues in design education. It encourages a global community of designers and educators to create new knowledge, partnerships, and gateways to inclusive design education. Find in a Library
Gerontechnology
International journal on technology for the ageing society. It reflects the broad categories of interest in the field: health, housing, mobility, communication, leisure, and work. Find in a Library
The International Journal of Art & Design Education
A primary source for articles about art and design education at all levels. Available at Fitchburg State College
Journal of Design Research
An electronic interdisciplinary journal, emphasizing human aspects as a central issue of design through integrative studies of social sciences and design disciplines. Find in a Library
Universal Access in the Information Society
International journal publishes research work on the design, development, evaluation, use, and impact of Information Society Technologies, as well as on standardization, policy, and other non-technological issues that facilitate and promote universal access. Coverage includes theories, methods, tools, empirical results, reviews, case studies, and best practice examples with a focus on universal access. Find in a Library
Find Articles
To find articles, search in the following databases.
Academic Search Premier
Academic multi-disciplinary database; full text articles in all fields.
Avery Index to Architectural Periodicals
Comprehensive American guide to the current literature of architecture and design.
Search terms to try:
- Universal Design
- Architecture
- Accessible Environments
- Inclusive Design
- Environmental Access
- Accessibility
Newsletters
Design for All Foundation Newsletter
http://www.designforall.org
Global Universal Design Educators Monthly On-line News
Produced and distributed monthly by Elaine Ostroff. In cooperation with the Adaptive Environments Center, the Center for Universal Design, and the Trace R&D Center, with support from the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research.
http://www.universaldesign.net
Universal Design Newsletter - Universal Designers and Consultants
A quarterly newsletter, featuring information on facility and design related to universal design, the ADA, and accessibility.
http://www.universaldesign.com
Audio Visual
Century High School: Better than Accessible, Century High School, 1999. Duration 6.44 minutes.
Available from: Century High School, Rochester Minnesota, (507) 287-7150.
CD-ROM of Universal Design Exemplars, a CD-ROM collection of 32 international, award winning universal design projects from architecture, exhibit, industrial, interior design and landscape architecture. Each project describes in detail the background, universal design features and relationship to the Principles of universal design.
Available from the Center for Universal Design: http://www.design.ncsu.edu/cud/projserv_ps/projects/psexemplars.htm
Enable People with Disabilities and Computers with the Flying Karamazov Brothers, Microsoft Enable Production by the Microsoft Corporation: duration 45 minutes, close captioned 199.
Available from the Microsoft Corporation: http://www.microsoft.com/enable/productions
Recommended Websites
Academy of Neuroscience for Architecture
http://www.anfarch.org
The mission of the Academy of Neuroscience for Architecture is to be the international center for interdisciplinary activities that build intellectual bridges between research on the brain and those who design places for human use.
Adaptive Environments Center
http://www.adaptiveenvironments.org
Adaptive Environments is a 27 year old educational non-profit organization committed to advancing the role of design in expanding opportunity and enhancing experience for people of all ages and abilities. Source of news, events, opportunities, projects and publications.
Age Concern
http://www.ace.org.uk
Age Concern is the UK’s largest organization working with and for older people.
AGE - European Older People’s Platform
http://www.age-platform.be
Aims to voice and promote the interest of older people in the European Union and to raise awareness of the issues that concern them most.
Age Lab
http://web.mit.edu/agelab
Established in ’99 to develop new technologies promoting healthy, independent living through the human lifespan. Research involved engineering, computer science, human factors, health and medical sciences, management, marketing, and the social and behavioral sciences.
American Association of Retired Persons (AARP)
http://www.aarp.org
Organization for mature adults 50 and above in the United States. Information on health, long-term care, economic security, independent living and residential design for the home.
American Society of Interior Designers (ASID)
http://www.asid.org/resource
Nonprofit professional society representing the interests of interior designers and the interior design community. ASID promotes professionalism in interior design services and products for the workplace and home.
Bobby
http://www.bobby.watchfire.com
Bobby is a comprehensive web accessibility software tool designed to help expose and repair barriers to accessibility and encourage compliance with existing accessibility guideline.
Cambridge Engineering Design Centre
http://www-edc.eng.cam.ac.uk/research/inclusivedesign
A project-based research website for inclusive design.
Canadian Mortgage & Housing Corporation (CMHC)
http://www.cmhc.ca
Committed to housing quality, affordability and choice for Canadians.
Center for Accessible Environments (CAE)
www.cae.org.uk
CAE is an information provider and a forum for collaborative dialogue between providers and users on how the built environment can best be made or modified to achieve inclusion by design.
Center for Applied Special Technology (CAST)
www.cast.org
CAST is a nonprofit organization that works to expand learning opportunities for all individuals, especially those with disabilities, through the research and development of innovative, technology-based education resources and strategies.
Center for Inclusive Design and Environmental Access (IDEA)
www.ap.buffalo.edu/~idea/
School of Architecture, State University of New York at Buffalo
CAST: Universal Design for LCenter for Universal Design
www.design.ncsu.edu/cud
Center founded by Ron Mace, FAIA, father’ of Universal Design. Hold copyright to principles of Universal Design.
Cornell University –College of Human Ecology
Department of Design and Environmental Analysis
www.humec.cornell.edu/units/dea
Hub of Academic cross-disciplinary inquiry.
Danish Center for Accessibility
http://www.dcft.dk
The center offers information and advice about accessibility and inclusive @ design.
Design Center for Global Needs
www.sfsu.edu
@ San Francisco State University
Ricardo Gomes, Professor of Industrial Design created the Center for multi-disciplinary exploration of universal design, cultural identity, design for social responsibility and community design.
Design Council: About Design
www.designcouncil.org.uk
A comprehensive knowledge-base covering key aspects of design.
Design for All Foundation
www.designforall.org
Working to achieve that everyone can enjoy open spaces, products and services with equal opportunities.
European Institute for Design and Disability (EIDD) / Design for All European Network
www.design-for-all.org
Premier EU-wide organization Non-Governmental Organization dedicated to inclusive design. Annual product design competition
The EQUAL Research Network
www.fp.rdg.ac.uk/equal/
A UK-wide EPSRC funded Network for Extending Quality Life of Older People and Disabled People.
The Helen Hamlyn Research Centre
www.hhrc.rca.ac.uk
The Helen Hamlyn Research Centre works to advance a socially inclusive approach to design through practical research and projects with industry.
Industrial Design Society of America (IDSA) Universal Design Committee
http://www.idsa.org/whatsnew/sections/udidsa/noframes.htm
Network with about 600 members.
International Association for Universal Design (IAUD)
www.iaud.net
Promotes practical researches on and the realization of universal design with the members from various fields, the advisors, and others.
National Center for Accessible Media [NCAM]
www.wgbh.org/wgbh/index.html
NCAM is a research and development facility dedicated to expand access to present and future media for people with disabilities, to explore how existing access technologies may benefit other populations, and to provide access to educational and media technologies for special needs students.
Lighthouse International
www.lighthouse.org
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